Delivering the Girish Patel Smarnanjali Lecture here on Sunday, Setalvad said the story of targeted violence begins with the build-up that is created with hate speeches and hate writings.

The survivors of such violence have to face difficulties in ensuring punishment for the perpetrators, she added.

Setalvad said working on a deeply polarising issue among the public is not an easy one and added that the impact of social media on polarization is also overwhelming.

“The people in power who are controlling social media are the same that have spent 70-80 years in the society, on the roads, among doctors, lawyers, and cultural organisations to capture them. Power is degenerative, but they have worked hard,” she said.

What happened after the demolition of Babri Masjid on December 6, 1992, appears to repeat itself, she claimed.

“We saw a harking back to an earlier period. We need to understand the phenomenon as to what was happening in the country between 1986 and 1992, and what are we looking at now and what happened in between. Today, one also has to grapple with the media, which are carrying out a set agenda of “targeting individuals and movements who have in any way threatened it,” the rights activist said.

She said the buffer against polarisation and hate politics will build on its own if one is successful in holding on to social, political, constitutional and human rights engagements.

“The stamina we require for sustained, rigorous action sometimes fails us because everything is overwhelming…Somehow we need to get back to this language where we actually talk about how we can build this buffer zone to make sure the Constitution stays alive among our people,” said the former journalist.

She said people know of the promises made to them in the Indian Constitution, but are getting overwhelmed by the divisive propaganda coming from different directions.

The big challenge in this situation is to get back to an agenda of constitutionalism and make sure the battle for the Constitution is fought in a real sense, Setalvad said and called for the need for collective risk-taking rather than individual risk-taking.

“Collective is more difficult to become a target. Can we collectively articulate certain issues? Silence is not an option,” she said.

She also talked about the issue of “citizenship” (regarding the National Register of Citizens, Citizenship Amendment Act) and said the people trapped in its net are nearly one-third of the population of Assam.

“To take up their case, from tribunal to the Supreme Court, is an impossible job. So there has to be a political solution, there has to be a solution which decides on what basis notices are being issued to common people. They are malafide and wrong and need to be questioned and stopped,” Setalvad said.

She added there is a need to look at prison reforms and prison monitoring, and bail courts.

Talking about Mahatma Gandhi, she said the first attempt to rewrite history after Independence was regarding his assassination.

The original piece may be read here